Poland has emerged as one of the most attractive destinations for entrepreneurs in Europe. With a strategic location, a growing economy, and an investor-friendly business climate, Poland provides excellent opportunities for startups and established businesses alike. Whether you are launching a small business or planning to expand internationally, Poland offers a well-developed infrastructure, access to the European market, and a relatively low cost of doing business compared to Western Europe.
Foreign entrepreneurs benefit from various incentives, including government grants, EU funding, and simplified procedures for setting up a company. Additionally, Poland's highly skilled workforce and robust consumer market make it a great place to grow a business. Here is a step by step guide on how to move to Poland by starting a business.
Step 1: Choose the Right Business Structure
Before moving to Poland, it is essential to decide on the type of business entity you want to establish.
The most common options for foreigners include:
Sole Proprietorship (Jednoosobowa Działalność Gospodarcza) – Best for freelancers and small-scale businesses.
Limited Liability Company (Spółka z o.o.) – The most popular choice, offering limited liability protection.
Joint-Stock Company (Spółka Akcyjna) – Suitable for large businesses seeking to raise capital through shares.
Branch Office or Representative Office – For foreign companies looking to expand operations into Poland.
Each business structure has different registration requirements, taxation rules, and legal obligations, so choosing the right one is crucial for long-term success.
Step 2: Register Your Business in Poland
Once you have decided on your business structure, you must officially register it.
The registration process varies depending on the entity type but generally includes the following steps:
Choose a Unique Business Name – Ensure the name is available and complies with Polish regulations.
Prepare Company Documents – Draft the Articles of Association (for LLCs and Joint-Stock Companies).
Register with the National Court Register (KRS) – Required for most business types.
Obtain a NIP (Tax Identification Number) and REGON (Statistical Number) – Necessary for tax and statistical purposes.
Open a Business Bank Account – Needed for financial transactions and tax purposes.
Register for VAT (If Applicable) – Businesses exceeding a certain turnover threshold must register for VAT.
The process can take a few weeks, but legal and accounting firms can assist in expediting the setup. If you need assistance with registering your business, make sure to reach out to us for assistance.
Step 3: Apply for a Business Visa or Residence Permit
If you are a non-EU citizen, you will need the appropriate visa or residence permit to legally reside and operate a business in Poland.
The most common options include:
National Visa (D-Type) – Allows entrepreneurs to stay in Poland for an extended period.
Temporary Residence Permit for Business Purposes – For foreigners who want to reside in Poland while running a business.
Permanent Residence or EU Long-Term Residence Permit – Available after a few years of legal residence in Poland.
To apply, you typically need:
Business registration documents
Proof of financial stability
Valid passport
Business plan and expected financial projections
Proof of accommodation
Health insurance
If you need assistance with your Residence Permit process, make sure to reach out to us for assistance.
Step 4: Secure Office Space and Resources
Choosing the right location and office setup is critical for running a successful business in Poland.
Options include:
Co-working spaces – Ideal for startups and freelancers.
Business incubators – Offer support for new entrepreneurs, including funding and mentorship.
Traditional office spaces – Suitable for growing companies needing dedicated workspaces.
Several cities, including Warsaw, Kraków, and Wrocław, are known for their strong business ecosystems and startup communities.
Step 5: Open a Business Bank Account
A business bank account is essential for financial transactions, tax payments, and payroll management.
Most Polish banks allow foreign entrepreneurs to open accounts with:
A valid passport
Business registration documents
PESEL number (optional but recommended)
Proof of company address
Popular banks in Poland for business accounts include PKO Bank Polski, ING Bank, Santander Bank Polska, and mBank.
Step 6: Register for Taxes and Social Security
All businesses in Poland must comply with tax regulations, including:
Corporate Income Tax (CIT) – Standard rate is 19%, with a reduced 9% rate for small businesses.
Value Added Tax (VAT) – Standard rate is 23%, with reduced rates for specific goods and services.
Personal Income Tax (PIT) – Applies to sole proprietors and self-employed individuals.
Social Security Contributions (ZUS) – Required for business owners and employees.
Working with an accountant or tax consultant can help ensure compliance with Polish tax laws.
Step 7: Hire Employees (If Needed)
If your business requires employees, you must comply with Polish labor laws. Key steps include:
Drafting employment contracts
Registering employees with the Social Insurance Institution (ZUS)
Ensuring fair wages and working conditions
Providing health and safety measures
Poland has a highly educated workforce, and hiring skilled professionals can contribute to the growth of your business.
Step 8: Obtain Business Insurance
While not always mandatory, business insurance can protect your company from potential risks.
Common types include:
General liability insurance
Property insurance
Professional indemnity insurance
Employee insurance
Consulting with an insurance provider can help determine the best coverage for your business.
Step 9: Market and Expand Your Business
After establishing your business, focus on growth and visibility by implementing marketing strategies such as:
Digital marketing (SEO, social media, PPC ads)
Networking with local business communities
Attending trade fairs and business expos
Partnering with local companies and distributors
Expanding to other European markets is also possible, thanks to Poland’s strategic location and EU membership.
How to move to Poland by starting a business - Summary
Starting a business in Poland presents exciting opportunities for entrepreneurs seeking access to a thriving economy and European markets. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can establish and grow your business while ensuring compliance with local regulations.
If you want to know other methods of relocating to Poland, check out our complete guide.